[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/americky-fotbal\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/americky-fotbal\/","headline":"Americk\u00fd fotbal","name":"Americk\u00fd fotbal","description":"Americk\u00fd fotbal se vyvinul v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed z\u00a0ragby. Dnes jeho sout\u011b\u017ee \u0159\u00edd\u00ed National Football League (NFL). Krom toho, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159edstavuje nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed americk\u00fd profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed sport, p\u011bstuje se tak\u00e9 na v\u00edce ne\u017e 650 americk\u00fdch universit\u00e1ch. Ty se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b utk\u00e1vaj\u00ed o trofej zvanou Rose Bowl. C\u00edl hry Americk\u00fd fotbal hraj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt a\u017e 45 hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f […]","datePublished":"2025-02-26","dateModified":"2025-02-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c8347e48acde4b8838164e4b1c9b1c2409c44aff1922a8b9d7dd631b9ae52bb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c8347e48acde4b8838164e4b1c9b1c2409c44aff1922a8b9d7dd631b9ae52bb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"tankpower.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a301221_w1702_t1511299465.png","url":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a301221_w1702_t1511299465.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/americky-fotbal\/","wordCount":467,"articleBody":"Americk\u00fd fotbal se vyvinul v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed z\u00a0ragby. Dnes jeho sout\u011b\u017ee \u0159\u00edd\u00ed National Football League (NFL). Krom toho, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159edstavuje nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed americk\u00fd profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed sport, p\u011bstuje se tak\u00e9 na v\u00edce ne\u017e 650 americk\u00fdch universit\u00e1ch. Ty se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b utk\u00e1vaj\u00ed o trofej zvanou Rose Bowl.C\u00edl hryAmerick\u00fd fotbal hraj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt a\u017e 45 hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1hradn\u00edk\u016f). Na h\u0159i\u0161ti p\u0159itom m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0kter\u00e9mkoliv okam\u017eiku z\u00e1pasu b\u00fdt pouze 11 hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f na ka\u017ed\u00e9 stran\u011b – v\u017edy nastupuje \u00fatok jednoho t\u00fdmu proti obran\u011b druh\u00e9ho a naopak. C\u00edlem t\u00fdmu je postoupit do protivn\u00edkovy \u010d\u00e1sti h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b a dos\u00e1hnout tam body, a\u0165 u\u017e dopraven\u00edm ov\u00e1ln\u00e9ho m\u00ed\u010de do soupe\u0159ova koncov\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed (end z\u00f3ny), tzv. touchdown nebo kopnut\u00edm m\u00ed\u010de p\u0159es b\u0159evno do branky.Pr\u016fb\u011bh hryZ\u00e1pas se d\u011bl\u00ed do \u010dty\u0159 patn\u00e1ctiminutov\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f; v\u00a0polovin\u011b z\u00e1pasu je p\u0159est\u00e1vka. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010dtvrtina za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 tak, \u017ee jeden z\u00a0t\u00fdm\u016f nakopne m\u00ed\u010d do pole soupe\u0159e. Ten m\u00e1 vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i pokusy (downy) k\u00a0tomu, aby s\u00a0m\u00ed\u010dem postoupil nejm\u00e9n\u011b o 9 metr\u016f kup\u0159edu. Pokud se mu to poda\u0159\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i pokusy, pokud ne, m\u00ed\u010d z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 soupe\u0159. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0pokus\u016f kon\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e hr\u00e1\u010de, maj\u00edc\u00edho m\u00ed\u010d, zastav\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di soupe\u0159e, kdy\u017e vyb\u011bhne mimo stanoven\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed nebo kdy\u017e se spoluhr\u00e1\u010di nepoda\u0159\u00ed zachytit jeho p\u0159ihr\u00e1vku.Hrac\u00ed poleH\u0159i\u0161t\u011b na americk\u00fd fotbal je travnat\u00e9 nebo pokryt\u00e9 um\u011bl\u00fdm povrchem AstroTurf. Je dlouh\u00e9 91 metr\u016f, tj. 100 yard\u016f a \u0161irok\u00e9 49 metr\u016f, tj. 53,5 yardu.BrankyTvo\u0159\u00ed je dv\u011b 9 metru vysok\u00e9 a 5,6 m od sebe navz\u00e1jem vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 ty\u010de, sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed kolmo z\u00a0b\u0159evna, kter\u00e9 spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na t\u0159i metry vysok\u00e9 op\u011b\u0159e.Pades\u00e1tiyardov\u00e1 lajna \u2013 p\u016fl\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ra, od n\u00ed\u017e sm\u011brem k\u00a0ob\u011bma brank\u00e1m vym\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ry desetiyardov\u00e9, tj. dev\u00edtimetrov\u00e9 \u00faseky.Yardov\u00e9 lajny \u2013 rozd\u011bluj\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b pod\u00e9ln\u011b na \u00faseky o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce jednoho yardu.\u00dalohy jednotliv\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00fatok \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 obrana\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed t\u00fdm \u2013 tato skupina hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f nastupuje v\u017edy, kdy\u017e je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st n\u011bkter\u00fd kop \u2013 na za\u010d\u00e1tku z\u00e1pasu nebo kdy\u017e se hra znovu zahajuje, kdy\u017e se kope na branku nebo kdy\u017e je t\u0159eba postoupit kup\u0159edu pomoc\u00ed kop\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo ze vzduchuV\u0161ichni hr\u00e1\u010di americk\u00e9ho fotbalu nos\u00ed helmu a chr\u00e1ni\u010de na stehnech, boc\u00edch, kolenou, p\u0159irozen\u00ed, \u017eebrech, pa\u017e\u00edch a ramenou. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 vyztu\u017een\u00e9 bezprst\u00e9 rukavice.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Americk\u00fd fotbal","item":"https:\/\/www.tankpower.cz\/americky-fotbal\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]